The project, funded by the Italian Ministry of Education, University, and Research (MIUR) and carried out in collaboration with the Regional Education Office for Piedmont, focuses on analyzing the causes of school dropout rates in Italy, with particular attention to students of foreign origin. A detailed analysis of international literature was conducted on various factors underlying dropout rates and their interrelation, with a focus on two critical stages in the educational journey that can significantly impact future choices and paths: early childhood education and the transition from lower secondary to upper secondary school. Additionally, literature on best practices against school dropout was studied, and various national-level databases were analyzed. All of this served to identify “quality indicators” essential for assessing the actions implemented so far. This study was preparatory for the design of an online survey that researchers are testing, in collaboration with MIUR officials, in a sample of schools in the Piedmont region.